ToughSF

Imagine you could take a train ride to space. Tracks that slope up into the sky, higher and higher, until you reach a plateau above the plan...

Reset your expectations of solar sails. They are a fast and free way to travel to any point in the Solar System, as many times as you want, ...

Rotating tethers can reach incredible velocities when they are built out of high strength materials. With some design features, they can gre...

Fusion technology today relies on expensive, building-sized equipment for ignition, or the help of an already powerful fission detonation. W...

There has been much discussion about converting the SpaceX Starship to use nuclear propulsion. It would allow for a great increase in specif...

A transport system that can get spacecraft to Jupiter in 10 days, but without a massive onboard reactor, using antimatter fuel or riding a g...

The Orion nuclear pulse propulsion concept has been around for over six decades now. It is powerful and robust, but lacks the flexibility an...

In this post, we will have a look at the concept of using a nuclear photon rocket for interstellar travel. They are an old concept that shou...

All the methods we have used to reach space so far have been subject to the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation - propellant must be ejected and mor...

We look at the various ways of accelerating micro-scale projectiles up to hypervelocity (10-10,000 km/s) and their use in space.